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Sanded grout is distinguished from unsanded grout primarily by its inclusion of sand particles. The addition of sand serves multiple purposes: it enhances the grout's strength, making it more robust for filling larger joints, typically more than 1/8 inch wide. The sand also helps control shrinkage as the grout cures, reducing the risk of cracking. This is particularly important in applications where durability is essential, such as in floors or high-traffic areas.

While other options may pertain to grout formulations and enhance certain properties, they do not specifically define the fundamental difference between sanded and unsanded grout. For instance, added latex is more associated with improving flexibility in modified grouts rather than distinguishing sanded from unsanded. Similarly, while colorants can contribute to the aesthetics of the grout, they do not impact its classification as sanded or unsanded. The use of polymers is also linked to enhancing adhesion but does not specifically address the gritty texture and strength that sand provides in sanded grout. Hence, the correct answer reflects the essential feature that differentiates sanded grout from its unsanded counterpart.